{"id":1244,"date":"2021-07-30T18:53:12","date_gmt":"2021-07-30T18:53:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wp.cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/?p=1244"},"modified":"2021-07-30T18:53:12","modified_gmt":"2021-07-30T18:53:12","slug":"an-application-of-slow-feature-analysis-to-the-genetic-sequences-of-coronaviruses-and-influenza-viruses","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/?p=1244","title":{"rendered":"An application of slow feature analysis to the genetic sequences of coronaviruses and influenza viruses"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Authors: <a href=\"https:\/\/humgenomics.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40246-021-00327-2#auth-Anastasios_A_-Tsonis\">Anastasios A. Tsonis<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/humgenomics.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40246-021-00327-2#auth-Geli-Wang\">Geli Wang<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/humgenomics.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40246-021-00327-2#auth-Lvyi-Zhang\">Lvyi Zhang<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/humgenomics.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40246-021-00327-2#auth-Wenxu-Lu\">Wenxu Lu<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/humgenomics.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40246-021-00327-2#auth-Aristotle-Kayafas\">Aristotle Kayafas<\/a>\u00a0&amp;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/humgenomics.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40246-021-00327-2#auth-Katia-Rio_Tsonis\">Katia Del Rio-Tsonis<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:24px\">Mathematical approaches have been for decades used to probe the structure of nucleotide sequences. This has led to the development of Bioinformatics. In this exploratory work, a novel mathematical method is applied to probe the genetic structure of two related viral families: those of coronaviruses and those of influenza viruses. The coronaviruses are SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1, and MERS. The influenza viruses include H1N1-1918, H1N1-2009, H2N2-1957, and H3N2-1968.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Methods<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:24px\">The mathematical method used is the slow feature analysis (SFA), a rather new but promising method to delineate complex structure in nucleotide sequences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Results<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:24px\">The analysis indicates that the nucleotide sequences exhibit an elaborate and convoluted structure akin to complex networks. We define a measure of complexity and show that each nucleotide sequence exhibits a certain degree of complexity within itself, while at the same time there exists complex inter-relationships between the sequences within a family and between the two families. From these relationships, we find evidence, especially for the coronavirus family, that increasing complexity in a sequence is associated with higher transmission rate but with lower mortality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusions<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:24px\">The complexity measure defined here may hold a promise and could become a useful tool in the prediction of transmission and mortality rates in future new viral strains.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\">For More Information: <a href=\"https:\/\/humgenomics.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40246-021-00327-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/humgenomics.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40246-021-00327-2<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Authors: Anastasios A. Tsonis,\u00a0Geli Wang,\u00a0Lvyi Zhang,\u00a0Wenxu Lu,\u00a0Aristotle Kayafas\u00a0&amp;\u00a0Katia Del Rio-Tsonis Mathematical approaches have been for decades used to probe the structure of nucleotide sequences. This has led to the development [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1245,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[189],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1244","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genomics"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1244","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1244"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1244\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1245"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1244"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1244"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1244"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}