{"id":2511,"date":"2021-08-20T15:45:06","date_gmt":"2021-08-20T15:45:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wp.cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/?p=2511"},"modified":"2021-08-20T15:45:06","modified_gmt":"2021-08-20T15:45:06","slug":"prevalence-of-anosmia-and-ageusia-symptoms-among-long-term-effects-of-covid-19","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/?p=2511","title":{"rendered":"Prevalence of anosmia and ageusia symptoms among long-term effects of COVID-19."},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Authors: Moraschini V1<\/sup><\/a>,\u00a0Reis D1<\/sup><\/a>,\u00a0Sacco R2<\/sup><\/a>,\u00a0Calasans-Maia MD3<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

COVID\u201019 is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) that currently presents the greatest, most challenging health concern worldwide. Since the first reports of the disease in December 2019, clinicians and scientists have endeavored to understand the main symptoms, risk factors, and prognosis of the disease (Wynants et al., 2020<\/a>). Although a significant portion of the infected population remains asymptomatic, many COVID\u201019\u2010infected individuals develop symptoms that vary from mild to severe (Stasi et al., 2020<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some patients may experience long\u2010term effects of COVID\u201019, which persist for two or more weeks after the onset of the disease (Tenforde et al., 2020<\/a>). Loss of taste (ageusia) and smell (anosmia) are symptoms that have drawn substantial attention from researchers because of their high prevalence in the early stages of the disease (Eliezer et al., 2020<\/a>; Gane et al., 2020<\/a>). However, recent studies have observed persistent dysgeusia and anosmia following recovery from COVID\u201019 infection (Andrews et al., 2020<\/a>; Garrigues et al., 2020<\/a>; Panda et al., 2020<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of dysgeusia and anosmia in studies that assessed the long\u2010term effects of COVID\u201019. Four databases (PubMed\/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, and Lilacs) were searched for articles without any restrictions regarding language, and the inclusion criteria were based on the PECO strategy (Morgan et al., 2018<\/a>). This review included studies that analyzed the prevalence of persistent symptoms (>30 days) of anosmia and dysgeusia in patients who had COVID\u201019. There were no language restrictions. Two independent review authors (V.M. and M.D.C.M.) conducted the search\u2010and\u2010screening process, commencing with the analysis of titles and abstracts. Next, full papers were selected for careful reading and matched with the eligibility criteria for subsequent data extraction. The search strategy is described in Table S1<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Regarding the quality of the analyzed studies and risk of bias, one study was classified as low quality (Andrews et al., 2020<\/a>), two as satisfactory (Garrigues et al., 2020<\/a>; Horvath et al., 2020<\/a>), and five as of high quality (Carf\u00ec et al., 2020<\/a>; Carvalho\u2010Schneider et al., 2020<\/a>; Chopra et al., 2020<\/a>; Galv\u00e1n\u2010Tejada et al., 2020<\/a>; Panda et al., 2020<\/a>). The analyses can be viewed in Table S2<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The two review authors (V.M. and M.D.C.M.) independently performed risk\u2010of\u2010bias and study quality analyses. The Newcastle\u2013Ottawa Scale (Lo et al., 2014<\/a>) was used in the analysis of non\u2010randomized studies. For data analysis, the effects reported in one simple arm were estimated by dividing the number of patients with each symptom by the total number of patients with COVID\u201019 in the sample and then by multiplying by 100 to estimate the percentage. The prevalence with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was presented using the software Comprehensive Meta\u2010Analysis (BioStat).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A total of eight observational studies were selected for this study. Six cohort studies (Andrews et al.,\u00a02020<\/a>; Carf\u00ec et al.,\u00a02020<\/a>; Carvalho\u2010Schneider et al.,\u00a02020<\/a>; Chopra et al.,\u00a02020<\/a>; Horvath et al.,\u00a02020<\/a>; Panda et al.,\u00a02020<\/a>), one cross\u2010sectional study (Garrigues et al.,\u00a02020<\/a>), and one case\u2013control study (Galv\u00e1n\u2010Tejada et al.,\u00a02020<\/a>) were included in this study (Figure\u00a0S1<\/a>). The studies analyzed 1,483 patients (773\u00a0male and 710 female) with a mean age of 48.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a011.2. All patients were diagnosed with COVID\u201019 through reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2010PCR) and exhibited mild, moderate, or severe symptoms. The mean overall follow\u2010up time was 60.7\u00a0days. The main data for each study are shown in Table\u00a0\u200bTable11<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For More Information: https:\/\/europepmc.org\/article\/PMC\/PMC8242542<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Authors: Moraschini V1,\u00a0Reis D1,\u00a0Sacco R2,\u00a0Calasans-Maia MD3 COVID\u201019 is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) that currently presents the greatest, most challenging health concern worldwide. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2512,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[671,680,247,289,290,314,456],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2511","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ageusia","category-anosmia","category-incidence","category-long-haul-disease","category-long-term-effects","category-meta-analysis","category-prevalence-2"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2511","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2511"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2511\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2512"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2511"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2511"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2511"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}