{"id":3732,"date":"2022-02-19T13:53:17","date_gmt":"2022-02-19T13:53:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wp.cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/?p=3732"},"modified":"2022-02-19T13:53:17","modified_gmt":"2022-02-19T13:53:17","slug":"mystery-of-the-missing-workers-long-covid-a-big-piece-of-the-puzzle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/?p=3732","title":{"rendered":"Mystery of the missing workers? Long COVID a big piece of the puzzle"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Authors: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ajc.com\/staff\/michael-e-kanell\/\">Michael E. Kanell<\/a>, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution    Feb 19, 2022<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>She suffered cardiac arrest twice and was in the hospital for three months, then came home to more than a year of kidney problems and intermittent brain fog, tingling in her hands, numbness in her right foot and a need for oxygen after even modest exertion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cSome days, I\u2019m all right, but I can\u2019t tell you which days I will feel good,\u201d she said. \u201cIt\u2019s all very frustrating because you know what you were capable of doing before.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>She is among many people with lingering COVID-19 aftereffects who cannot work or can only work part-time. The condition has been given a name: post-acute sequelae SARS-CoV-2 infection, or PASC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But it is commonly called&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ama-assn.org\/delivering-care\/public-health\/what-doctors-wish-patients-knew-about-long-covid#:~:text=Long%20COVID%E2%80%94or%20post,%2DCoV%2D2.\">long COVID<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It may be the missing piece in a pandemic puzzle: Why has the number of people in the labor force lagged? Why are there still so many unfilled job openings?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Schroederused to supervise nursing students. Lately theMcDonoughresident has been volunteering to run concessions at some high school track meets, trying to edge back toward the workplace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt gives me a sense of normalcy,\u201d she said. \u201cBut after last Saturday\u2019s meet, I was bedridden for two days.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While more than 900,000 Americans have died from the coronavirus, the vast majority of people who contract it do survive. But many \u2014 between 10% and 30% of those who live, experts say \u2014 continue to struggle with symptoms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That is a lot of people: up to 23 million nationwide and nearly 800,000 people in Georgia, according to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/pascdashboard.aapmr.org\/\">estimates<\/a>&nbsp;by the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some don\u2019t work. Some are still in the labor force, but at reduced hours.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Linda Rodin, a wellness specialist at an Atlanta-area supermarket, said she came down with COVID-19 in November. \u201cI never had a fever, but it felt like the sinus infection from hell.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The worst of it passed, but the symptoms clung to her. At one point in December,she said she stopped at a gas station and realized she had no idea how to put gas in the car. \u201cI went back home sobbing hysterically. Things you\u2019ve done your whole life, like tie your shoes, and suddenly are inaccessible. It is terrifying.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>She works part-time, grateful that her employer gave her that option.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Long COVID does not appear explicitly in the labor data. But there are clues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bls.gov\/regions\/southeast\/georgia.htm\">labor force in Georgia<\/a>&nbsp;is still 28,341 below its pre-pandemic level, and the real gap is larger. At the pace of pre-pandemic growth, the labor force would be about 184,000 larger than it is today.<\/li><li>The number of people&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bls.gov\/cps\/absences.htm\">with jobs but out sick<\/a>&nbsp;averaged 50% higher last year nationally than in 2019.<\/li><li>The number of people nationallywho usually work full-time&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bls.gov\/cps\/absences.htm\">but who are working part-time<\/a>&nbsp;because of illness rose through last year. Since last summer, it has averaged 16% higher than pre-pandemic times.<\/li><li>The number of people who were out of the labor force with a disability is up 5.5%, or nearly 1.3 million, from the summer of 2020.<\/li><li>The&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www2.census.gov\/programs-surveys\/demo\/tables\/hhp\/2021\/wk41\/employ3_week41.xlsx\">Census Bureau\u2019s most recent survey<\/a>&nbsp;showed more than a quarter-million people in Georgia either sick or caring for someone with coronavirus symptoms.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Kathryn Bach, a research fellow at the Brookings Institution,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/is-long-covid-worsening-the-labor-shortage\/\">who has studied the issue<\/a>, calculated that long COVID accounts for about 1.6 million people missing from the U.S. labor force. That\u2019s equivalent to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/research\/is-long-covid-worsening-the-labor-shortage\/\">at least 15%<\/a>&nbsp;of the nation\u2019s job openings. By her calculation, about 45,000 people in Georgia are missing from the labor force because of long COVID.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cYou could argue that my number is too low, I want to be conservative,\u201d Bach said. \u201cThere is simply not enough data.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some long-haulers stay in the labor force, but just barely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Joy McFather, a part-time teacher in Monroe County, caught what she thought was a mild case of COVID-19 at Christmas of 2020 and hasn\u2019t been free of it since. \u201cIt\u2019s been a roller-coaster ride of fatigue and brain fog,\u201d she said. \u201cIt\u2019ll get better and some weeks I\u2019m good, then I\u2019ll hit the wall and it will get worse.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>She\u2019s taken 10 to 15 days off this past year, but has avoided any extended absences so far, she said. \u201cI\u2019ve been able to get myself through three days and on the fourth day, I crash.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Symptoms of long COVID include debilitating fatigue, shortness of breath, pain and a \u201cbrain fog\u201d that makes it hard to focus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With most federal pandemic programs expired, a COVID \u201clong-hauler\u201d who cannot work can apply for disability. That challenging process is even tougher for a new disease, many of whose worst symptoms \u2014 like brain fog \u2014 are invisible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThings you&#8217;ve done your whole life, like tie your shoes, and suddenly are inaccessible. It is terrifying.&#8221;-&nbsp;Linda Rodin, who says that COVID-19 symptoms have clung to her<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Not everyone is convinced that long COVID is a large part of the labor shortage. Daniel Altman, chief economist at Instawork, an app for skilled hourly professionals, is among the skeptics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>He said changes in the labor force do not match up with the waves of COVID-19 in the way you\u2019d expect if each wave pushed people out of the workplace. Still, he acknowledged, the disconnect might be because of how the data are gathered.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe have found that the Department of Labor doesn\u2019t do a great job of tracking people who are going into flexible work. If someone is in and out of work because of long COVID, they may not show up as part of the workforce in the official statistics,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">By the numbers: COVID-19 and U.S. workers<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>Confirmed cases, COVID-19:&nbsp;<strong>78.1 million<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Working-age deaths, U.S.:&nbsp;<strong>about 230,000<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>People in labor force, compared to pre-pandemic:&nbsp;<strong>down 1.4 million<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Workers employed, but out of work because of illness, pre-pandemic:&nbsp;<strong>1.1 million<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Workers employed, but out of work because of illness, current:&nbsp;<strong>3.6 million<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At work part-time, usually work full-time, pre-pandemic:&nbsp;<strong>2.4 million<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At work part-time, usually work full-time, current:&nbsp;<strong>4.2 million<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>COVID-19, Georgia workers<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Confirmed cases:&nbsp;<strong>1.9 million<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Working-age deaths, Georgia:&nbsp;<strong>about 11,400<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Labor force, compared to pre-pandemic:&nbsp;<strong>down 28,341<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Sources: Centers for Disease Control, Bureau of Labor Statistics, St. Louis Federal Reserve Bank, Census Bureau<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Megan Gaskin has worked with COVID-19 cases since the pandemic\u2019s start as a physician\u2019s assistant at Piedmont Healthcare in Austell.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt goes away, it comes back. It produces thousands of sick days. It is a beast,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When hit by the symptoms, about one in five can work from home, she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Experts say&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/research.stlouisfed.org\/publications\/economic-synopses\/2021\/10\/15\/the-covid-retirement-boom\">early retirement<\/a>&nbsp;is the biggest single reason for people leaving the labor force, and long COVID is part of that, Gaskin said. She estimates long COVID accounts for about a quarter of early retirements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>More answers about the impact of long COVID are likely on the way.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A four-year National Institutes of Health study has just begun that will include about 1,000 Atlanta-area participants, said&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/sph.emory.edu\/faculty\/profile\/index.php?FID=ighovwerha-ofotokun-1326\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Igho Ofotokun<\/a>, professor of medicine at Emory University, who is working on the study.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Long COVID is similar to some chronic diseases that doctors have seen before, and maybe in time, there will be effective treatments that send victims back to work, he said. \u201cWe don\u2019t know enough yet to be able to tell.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, researchers are hoping to reach some conclusions later this year, Ofotokun said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the meantime, many employers struggle to find workers and many workers struggle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Adrienne Levesque of Loganville had COVID-19 twice in 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>More than a year later, she still usually can\u2019t work more than 20 or 25 hours a week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As controller of a small, family-owned business, she must sometimes answer questions about a worker\u2019s status, whether someone should be classified as employed and whether it\u2019s full-time work. She looks at her own situation, someone who has larger responsibilities she often cannot fulfill, working part-time and productive in unpredictable bursts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cHow do I count myself?\u201d she said.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Authors: Michael E. Kanell, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution Feb 19, 2022 She suffered cardiac arrest twice and was in the hospital for three months, then came home to more than a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3734,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[123,289,375,649],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3732","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-disability","category-long-haul-disease","category-news-of-the-day","category-workplace-safety"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3732","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3732"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3732\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3734"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3732"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3732"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3732"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}