{"id":5473,"date":"2022-09-18T11:40:00","date_gmt":"2022-09-18T11:40:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wp.cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/?p=5473"},"modified":"2022-09-18T11:40:00","modified_gmt":"2022-09-18T11:40:00","slug":"covid-19-vaccine-boosters-for-young-adults-a-risk-benefit-assessment-and-five-ethical-arguments-against-mandates-at-universities","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/?p=5473","title":{"rendered":"COVID-19 Vaccine Boosters for Young Adults: A Risk-Benefit Assessment and Five Ethical Arguments against Mandates at Universities"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Authors: Kevin Bardosh University of Washington; University of Edinburgh – Edinburgh Medical School Allison Krug<\/a> Artemis Biomedical Communications LLC Euzebiusz Jamrozik<\/a> University of Oxford Trudo Lemmens<\/a> University of Toronto – Faculty of Law Salmaan Keshavjee<\/a>Harvard University – Harvard Medical School Vinay Prasad<\/a> University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Martin A. Makary<\/a> Johns Hopkins University – Department of Surgery Stefan Baral<\/a> John Hopkins University Tracy Beth H\u00f8eg<\/a> Florida Department of Health; Sierra Nevada Memorial HospitalDate Written: August 31, 2022<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Abstract<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Students at North American universities risk disenrollment due to third dose COVID-19 vaccine mandates. We present a risk-benefit assessment of boosters in this age group and provide five ethical arguments against mandates. We estimate that 22,000 – 30,000 previously uninfected adults aged 18-29 must be boosted with an mRNA vaccine to prevent one COVID-19 hospitalisation. Using CDC and sponsor-reported adverse event data, we find that booster mandates may cause a net expected harm: per COVID-19 hospitalisation prevented in previously uninfected young adults, we anticipate 18 to 98 serious adverse events, including 1.7 to 3.0 booster-associated myocarditis cases in males, and 1,373 to 3,234 cases of grade \u22653 reactogenicity which interferes with daily activities. Given the high prevalence of post-infection immunity, this risk-benefit profile is even less favourable. University booster mandates are unethical because: 1) no formal risk-benefit assessment exists for this age group; 2) vaccine mandates may result in a net expected harm to individual young people; 3) mandates are not proportionate: expected harms are not outweighed by public health benefits given the modest and transient effectiveness of vaccines against transmission; 4) US mandates violate the reciprocity principle because rare serious vaccine-related harms will not be reliably compensated due to gaps in current vaccine injury schemes; and 5) mandates create wider social harms. We consider counter-arguments such as a desire for socialisation and safety and show that such arguments lack scientific and\/or ethical support. Finally, we discuss the relevance of our analysis for current 2-dose CCOVIDovid-19 vaccine mandates in North America.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/Delivery.cfm\/SSRN_ID4206070_code5055014.pdf?abstractid=4206070&mirid=1<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Authors: Kevin Bardosh University of Washington; University of Edinburgh – Edinburgh Medical School Allison Krug Artemis Biomedical Communications LLC Euzebiusz Jamrozik University of Oxford Trudo Lemmens University of Toronto – […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5475,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[978,725,748,767,425,939,973,974,608],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5473","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-adverse-event-reporting","category-booster-shot","category-child-health","category-cost-benefit","category-pediatric-health","category-safety-studies","category-vaccine-failure","category-vaccine-long-term-safety","category-vaccine-safety"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5473","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5473"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5473\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5475"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5473"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5473"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cov19longhaulfoundation.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5473"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}