Close relatives of MERS-CoV in bats use ACE2 as their functional receptors


Authors: Qing Xiong,  View ORCID , , ei Cao,  Chengbao Ma,  Chen Liu, Junyu Si,  Peng Liu,  Mengxue Gu,  Chunli Wang, Lulu Shi, Fei Tong, Meiling Huang, Jing Li, Chufeng Zhao,  Chao Shen,   Yu Chen,   Huabin Zhao,  Ke Lan,  Xiangxi Wang,  Huan Yan Summary Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and several bat coronaviruses employ Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) as…[...]

Resolving “Long-Haul COVID” and Vaccine Toxicity: Neutralizing the Spike Protein


Authors: Dr. Thomas E. Levy, MD, JD   July 1, 2021 Although the mainstream media outlets might have you believe otherwise, the vaccines that continue to be administered for the COVID…[...]

Pathophysiology of COVID-19:


Mechanisms Underlying Disease Severity and Progression Authors: Mary Kathryn Bohn,1,2, Alexandra Hall,1 Lusia Sepiashvili,1,2, Benjamin Jung,1,2 Shannon, Steele,1 and Khosrow Adeli1,2,3 The global epidemiology of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) suggests…[...]

The furin cleavage site in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is required for transmission in ferrets


Authors: Williamson, Jack A. Hassard, Ecco Staller, Brian Hanley, Michael Osborn, Mauro Giacca, Andrew D. Davidson, David A. Matthews & Wendy S. Barclay SARS-CoV-2 entry requires sequential cleavage of the spike glycoprotein at the S1/S2 and the S2ʹ cleavage…[...]