An overview of human proteins and genes involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection


Zohreh Jahanafrooz,a,⁎ Zhishan Chen,b Jiandong Bao,c Hongzhi Li,d Loren Lipworth,b and Xingyi Guob,e,⁎Gene. 2022 Jan 15; 808: 145963. Published online 2021 Sep 14. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145963 PMCID: PMC8437745PMID: 34530086 Graphical abstract A summarized view of recent findings of host proteins interacting with SARS-CoV-2 and genes containing associated variants with COVID-19 susceptibility and severity. The left side of the figure (A) shows host protein interactors (blue wrote) for […]

Endothelial dysfunction in COVID-19: an overview of evidence, biomarkers, mechanisms and potential therapies


Suo-wen Xu, Iqra Ilyas & Jian-ping Weng Acta Pharmacologica Sinica volume 44, pages695–709 (2023) Nature Abstract The fight against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection is still raging. However, the pathophysiology of acute and post-acute manifestations of COVID-19 (long COVID-19) is understudied. Endothelial cells are sentinels lining the innermost layer of blood vessel that gatekeep micro- and macro-vascular health by […]

Endothelial cell damage is the central part of COVID-19 and a mouse model induced by injection of the S1 subunit of the spike protein


Gerard J Nuovo 1, Cynthia Magro 2, Toni Shaffer 3, Hamdy Awad 4, David Suster 5, Sheridan Mikhail 3, Bing He 2, Jean-Jacques Michaille 6, Benjamin Liechty 2, Esmerina Tili 4 PMID: 33360731 PMCID: PMC7758180DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2020.151682 Abstract Neurologic complications of symptomatic COVID-19 are common. Brain tissues from 13 autopsies of people who died of COVID-19 were examined. Cultured endothelial and neuronal cells were incubated with and wild type mice were injected IV with different spike subunits. In […]

Examination of the effects of COVID 19 on corneal endothelium


Authors: Seyfettin Erdem,  Mine Karahan,  Sedat Ava,  Mehmet Emin Dursun, eyla Hazar & Ugur Keklikci\\\Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimentalm Ophthalmology volume 259, pages2295–2300 (2021) Abstract Purpose To demonstrate the effects of the disease on the corneal endothelium in individuals recovering from COVID-19 through specular microscopy. Methods Eighty individuals recovering from COVID-19 (group 1) and 72 healthy controls (group 2) were […]

Autopsy-Based Pulmonary and Vascular Pathology: Pulmonary Endotheliitis and Multi-Organ Involvement in COVID-19 Associated Deaths


Authors: artina Haberecker University Hospital Zürich Esther I Schwarz University of Zurich Peter Steiger University of Zurich Karl Frontzek University of ZurichSeptember 2021 Respiration 101(2):1-11 DOI:10.1159/000518914License CC BY-NC 4.0 Abstract and Figures Background: Findings from autopsies have provided evidence on systemic microvascular damage as one of the underlying mechanisms of Coronavirus disease 2019 (CO-VID-19). The aim […]

Adverse effects of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines: the spike hypothesis


Authors: Ioannis P. Trougakos,1,⁎ Evangelos Terpos,2 Harry Alexopoulos,1 Marianna Politou,3 Dimitrios Paraskevis,4 Andreas Scorilas,5 Efstathios Kastritis,2 Evangelos Andreakos,6 and Meletios A. Dimopoulos2 Trends Mol Med. 2022 Jul; 28(7): 542–554. Publishedonline2022Apr21. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.04.007PMCID: PMC9021367PMID: 35537987 Abstract Vaccination is a major tool for mitigating the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and mRNA vaccines are central to the ongoing vaccination campaign that is undoubtedly saving thousands of lives. However, adverse effects (AEs) following […]

Is COVID-19 a Respiratory or Vascular Disease?


Authors: Medically reviewed by Meredith Goodwin, MD, FAAFP — By S. Behring  Health Line COVID-19 is normally associated with the lungs and respiratory system. Most people think of symptoms such as coughing and shortness of breath when they think of COVID-19. However, COVID-19 can impact the entire body and cause a wide range of symptoms and complications. Strokes, a […]

Blood-clotting imbalance persists in Long COVID, research finds


Date: :August 23, 2022Source:RCSI Summary: New research from RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences has provided greater insight into the causes of Long COVID syndrome. The findings, which further investigate the link between Long COVID and blood clotting, have been published in the Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Long COVID syndrome is a broad collection […]

Opinions | How long covid reshapes the brain — and how we might treat it


Authors: Wes Ely August 25, 2022 The Washington Post The young man pulled something from behind both ears. “I can’t hear anything without my new hearing aids,” said the 32-year-old husband and father. “My body is broken, Doc.” Once a fireman and emergency medical technician, he’d had covid more than 18 months before and was nearly […]

Vascular and organ damage induced by mRNA vaccines: irrefutable proof of causality


Authors: Michael Palmer, MD and Sucharit Bhakdi, MD August 19, 2022 Popular Science This article summarizes evidence from experimental studies and from autopsies of patients deceased after vaccination. The collective findings demonstrate that mRNA vaccines don’t stay at the injection site by instead travel throughout the body and accumulate in various organs, mRNA-based COVID vaccines […]