Self-Reported Real-World Safety and Reactogenicity of COVID-19 Vaccines: A Vaccine Recipient Survey

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Authors: Alexander G Mathioudakis 1 2, Murad Ghrew 3 4 5, Andrew Ustianowski 5 6, Shazaad Ahmad 7, Ray Borrow 8, Lida Pieretta Papavasileiou 9, Dimitrios Petrakis 10, Nawar Diar Bakerly An online survey was conducted to compare the safety, tolerability and reactogenicity of available COVID-19 vaccines in different recipient groups. This survey was launched in February 2021 and ran for 11 days. Recipients of a first COVID-19 vaccine dose ≥7 days prior […]

COVID-19 and mental health: A review of the existing literature

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Author: Ravi Philip Rajkumar The COVID-19 pandemic is a major health crisis affecting several nations, with over 720,000 cases and 33,000 confirmed deaths reported to date. Such widespread outbreaks are associated with adverse mental health consequences. Keeping this in mind, existing literature on the COVID-19 outbreak pertinent to mental health was retrieved via a literature […]

Clinical Presentation of COVID-19: A Systematic Review Focusing on Upper Airway Symptoms

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Authors: Andrea Lovato 1, Cosimo de Filippis Abstract Pharyngodynia, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, smell, and taste dysfunctions could be the presenting symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The aim was to perform a systematic review of current evidences on clinical presentation of COVID-19, focusing on upper airway symptoms in order […]

COVID-19 diagnosis and management: a comprehensive review

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Authors: Giuseppe Pascarella 1, Alessandro Strumia 1, Chiara Piliego 1, Federica Bruno 1, Romualdo Del Buono 2, Fabio Costa 1, Simone Scarlata 3, Felice Eugenio Agrò  Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2, a novel coronavirus from the same family as SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, has spread worldwide leading the World Health Organization to declare a pandemic. The disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), presents […]

COVID‐19: immunopathology, pathophysiological mechanisms, and treatment options

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Authors: Larissa E van Eijk, 1 , † Mathijs Binkhorst, 2 , † Arno R Bourgonje, 3 , ‡ Annette K Offringa, 4 , ‡ Douwe J Mulder, 5 Eelke M Bos, 6 Nikola Kolundzic, 7 , 8 Amaal E Abdulle, 5 Peter HJ van der Voort, 9 Marcel GM Olde Rikkert, 10 Johannes G van der Hoeven, 11 Wilfred FA den Dunnen, 1 Jan‐Luuk Hillebrands, 1 , § and Harry van Goor Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), continues to […]

Can COVID-19 Immunity Last for Years?

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Author: Christina Aungst, PharmD Key takeaways: People who were sick with COVID-19 and recovered might have long-term immunity that lasts for months or years. We don’t know how long vaccine immunity lasts yet, but it is much safer to gain immunity from the vaccine than from getting COVID-19. Experts believe the vaccine will still work […]

SARS-CoV-2-Specific Memory T Lymphocytes From COVID-19 Convalescent Donors: Identification, Biobanking, and Large-Scale Production for Adoptive Cell Therapy

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Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic is causing a second outbreak significantly delaying the hope for the virus’ complete eradication. In the absence of effective vaccines, we need effective treatments with low adverse effects that can treat hospitalized patients with COVID-19 disease. In this study, we determined the existence of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells within CD45RA– memory T […]

What is the role of T cells in COVID-19 infection? Why immunity is about more than antibodies

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Summary CD4+ T cells help B cells to produce antibodies and help CD8+ T cells to kill virus-infected cells One of the dominant cytokines produced by T cells is interferon gamma, a key player in controlling viral infection – see also [41] Lymphopenia is a main feature of COVID-19 infection, affecting CD4+ T cells, CD8+ […]

T cell responses in patients with COVID-19

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The role of T cells in the resolution or exacerbation of COVID-19, as well as their potential to provide long-term protection from reinfection with SARS-CoV-2, remains debated. Nevertheless, recent studies have highlighted various aspects of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection that are starting to enable some general concepts to emerge. For More Information: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41577-020-0402-6

Understanding How COVID-19 Vaccines Work

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How COVID-19 Vaccines Work COVID-19 vaccines help our bodies develop immunity to the virus that causes COVID-19 without us having to get the illness. Different types of vaccines work in different ways to offer protection. But with all types of vaccines, the body is left with a supply of “memory” T-lymphocytes as well as B-lymphocytes […]