The knowns and unknowns of long COVID-19: from mechanisms to therapeutical approaches


Roxana Gheorghita1,2Iuliana Soldanescu3Andrei Lobiuc2 , et. al., Front. Immunol., 03 March 2024, Sec. Viral Immunology, Volume 15 – 2024 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1344086 The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been defined as the greatest global health and socioeconomic crisis of modern times. While most people recover after being infected with the virus, a significant […]

Pathophysiological, immunological, and inflammatory features of long COVID


Karen Bohmwald1,2†Benjamín Diethelm-Varela1†Linmar Rodríguez-Guilarte1 , et. al., Front. Immunol., 27 February 2024, Sec. Viral Immunology, Volume 15 – 2024 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1341600 The COVID-19 pandemic continues to cause severe global disruption, resulting in significant excess mortality, overwhelming healthcare systems, and imposing substantial social and economic burdens on nations. While most of the attention and therapeutic efforts have […]

Emerging role of complement in COVID‑19 and other respiratory virus Diseases


Mark T. Xiao1 · Calder R. Ellsworth· Xuebin Qin,: 3 February 2024 Abstract The complement system, a key component of innate immunity, provides the first line of defense against bacterial infection; however, the COVID-19 pandemic has revealed that it may also engender severe complications in the context of viral respiratory disease. Here, we review the […]

Long COVID: Where Are We in 2023?


Hariharan Regunath, MD, Vamsi P. Guntur, MD Mo Med. 2023 Mar-Apr; 120(2): 102–105.PMCID: PMC10121126 PMID: 37091941 Copyright and License information PMC Disclaimer NCBI The term “COVID Long-Hauler” or “Long-Haul COVID” was first created by patients within few months of the onset of the pandemic.1,2 The first publication of persistent symptoms following acute COVID-19 was from Italy in July 2020, where-in, […]

Long COVID Could Be Linked to the Effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the Vagus Nerve


Authors: EUROPEAN SOCIETY OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES FEBRUARY 11, 2022 New research to be presented at this year’s European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID 2022, Lisbon, April 23-26) suggests that many of the symptoms connected to post-COVID syndrome (PCC, also known as long COVID) could be linked to the effect of the […]

Long covid—mechanisms, risk factors, and management


Authors: Harry Crook, research assistant1,  Sanara Raza, research assistant1,  Joseph Nowell, research assistant1,  Megan Young, clinical research officer1,  Paul Edison, clinical senior lecturer, honorary professor12 Abstract Since its emergence in Wuhan, China, covid-19 has spread and had a profound effect on the lives and health of people around the globe. As of 4 July 2021, […]